1. What type of device is computer webcam?

a) Memory
b) Output
c) Storage
d) Input

Answer :- d) Input

A computer webcam is an input device. It captures video and sometimes audio, allowing users to input live images and video into their computers. It is commonly used for video conferencing, online meetings, video chatting, live streaming, and other applications where real-time video input is required.

2. Set of instructions to be provided to an electronic machine to perform a task is called

a) Programming
b) Processing
c) Computing
d) Compiling

Answer :- a) Programming

Programming involves providing a set of instructions to an electronic machine or computer to perform a specific task. These instructions are written in a programming language and are used to control the behavior of the machine, enabling it to execute the desired operations and achieve the intended results. The process of converting the human-readable programming code into machine-executable instructions is known as compiling (option d), but the overall act of providing instructions to perform a task is referred to as programming. Options b and c are related concepts but not the precise term used for this purpose.

3. Which of the following language does the computer understand?

a) Computer understands only C Language
b) Computer understands only Assembly Language
c) Computer understands only Binary Language
d) Computer understands only BASIC

Answer :- c) Computer understands only Binary Language

Computers at their core understand and process instructions in binary language, which consists of 0s and 1s. This binary language represents the fundamental building blocks of all data and instructions that computers can interpret and execute. All high-level programming languages, like C, Assembly, BASIC, Python, Java, etc., need to be translated into binary instructions through compilation or interpretation before the computer can execute them. However, it is binary language that the computer's hardware can directly understand and act upon.

4. Which of the following is known as the language made up of binary-coded instructions?

a) High level
b) BASIC
c) C
d) Machine

Answer :- d. Machine

The language made up of binary-coded instructions is known as "Machine Language." Machine language is the lowest-level programming language that is directly understood and executed by a computer's hardware. It consists of binary-coded instructions represented in the form of 0s and 1s, which the computer's central processing unit (CPU) can directly interpret and execute.

5. Algorithm is-

a) A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a human.
b) A process or set of rules to be followed to solve numerical problems only.
c) A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.
d) A process or set of rules to be followed in to solve logical problems only.

Answer :- c) A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.

An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or a set of rules to be followed for solving a specific problem or performing a task. It can be used by both humans and computers to arrive at a solution. However, in the context of the given options, option c is the most accurate definition because it explicitly mentions that algorithms can be used by computers in problem-solving operations. Algorithms are essential in computer programming as they define the logic and steps required to achieve a particular goal or outcome.

6. A 2D diagram to represent the steps to be followed to solve a problem is known as

a) Flow-chart
b) Pseudo-code
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these

Answer :- a) Flow-chart

A 2D diagram that represents the steps to be followed to solve a problem is known as a flowchart. It is a graphical representation of an algorithm or a process, using various shapes and arrows to depict the sequence of steps and decisions involved in the problem-solving process. Flowcharts are commonly used in programming, software development, and other fields to illustrate the logical flow of operations and to make complex processes more understandable. Pseudo-code (option b) is a high-level, human-readable representation of an algorithm using a combination of natural language and simple code-like statements but not a 2D diagram. So, the correct answer is option 

7. Which one of the following statement is the most appropriate?

a) Pseudo code is basically a diagrammatic representation of the algorithm. Whereas in flowchart normal English language is translated into the programming languages to be worked on.
b) Flowchart is diagrammatic representation of the algorithm. Pseudo code is just another name of algorithm.
c) Pseudo code is another name of programming. Whereas in flowchart is diagrammatic representation of algorithm.
d) Flowchart is basically a diagrammatic representation of the algorithm. Whereas in pseudo code normal English language is translated into the programming languages to be worked on.

Answer :- a) Pseudo code is basically a diagrammatic representation of the algorithm. Whereas in flowchart normal English language is translated into the programming languages to be worked on.

This statement accurately describes the differences between pseudo code and flowcharts. Pseudo code is a method of representing an algorithm using a combination of natural language and simple code-like statements, making it more readable and understandable for humans. On the other hand, flowcharts are graphical representations of algorithms that use shapes and arrows to depict the sequence of steps and decisions. In flowcharts, normal English language is not directly translated into programming languages; instead, the graphical symbols represent different programmatic constructs.

8. The input N from the user is 6. The output of the following algorithm is

a) 21
b) 720
c) 1
d) 1024

Answer :- c) 1

9. What will be the output of the algorithm given below?

a) 51
b) 52
c) 50
d) Compilation error

Answer :- d) Compilation error

10. The section of the CPU that selects, interprets and sees to the execution of program instructions

a) Memory
b) Register Unit
c) Control Unit
d) ALU

Answer :- c) Control Unit